Goal 4
Goal 4: Coupled Microenvironment Systems. LiSA will integrate these advances into working tandem systems that link light absorption, interfacial chemistry, and product formation across multiple coupled regions. This includes developing thin-film photoabsorbers and device architectures, understanding how changing operating conditions affect performance, and using system-level testbeds to co-design coupled reaction environments (including approaches that manage carbon-containing intermediates and enable lower overall operating voltages). The objective is integrated systems that can efficiently make higher-value products under operating conditions that reflect practical use.